Furthermore, in 955, Abd-ar-Rahman III decided to erect the walls.
Pechina and its maritime port experienced divergent fortunes, and while the former progressively depopulated, the latter became the base of the Caliphal navy after 933, during the rule of Abd-ar-Rahman III. The origin of Almería is connected to the 9th-century establishment of the so-called Republic of Pechina (Bajjana) some kilometres to the north, which was for a time autonomous from the Cordobese central authority: the settlement of current-day Almería initially developed as a humble trading port of Pechina known as Al-Mariyya Bajjana. As the settlement was originally port or coastal suburb of Pechina, it was initially known as Mariyyat al-Bajjāna ( Bajjāna being the Arabic name for Pechina). The name "Almería" comes from the city's former Arabic name, Madīnat al-Mariyya, meaning "city of the watchtower". Being adjacent to a small desert, Almería has an exceptionally dry climate by European standards. It enjoyed an active port that traded silk, oil and raisins. The city grew wealthy during the Islamic era, becoming a world city throughout the 11th and 12th centuries. Caliph Abd al-Rahman III founded the city in 955. It lies on southeastern Iberia on the Mediterranean Sea. It is the capital of the province of the same name. Almería ( UK: / ˌ æ l m ə ˈ r iː ə/, US also / ˌ ɑː l-/, Spanish: ) is a city and municipality of Spain, located in Andalusia.
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